REFERENCES

REFERENCES SECTION F

F1: PRESSURE IN STATIC LIQUIDS

F1-01: FLUID PRESSURE VS. DEPTH
Daniel E. Beeker, Depth Dependence of Pressure, TPT 28, 486-488 (1990).
Alpha E. Wilson, The Hydrostatic Paradox, TPT 33, 538-539 (1995).

F1-02: FLUID PRESSURE VS. DEPTH - ANEROID GAUGE
Lecture Demonstration Information Sheet.

F1-03: PASCAL'S VASES
Instructions For The Uses of Nos. 1023 and 1026 Pascal Vases, Welch Scientific Co. Skokie, Ill.
Laurence E. Dodd, The Hydrostatic Paradox: Phases I and II, AJP 23, 113-118 (1955).

F1-04: EQUILIBRIUM TUBES
None.

F1-05: DOES WATER SEEK ITS OWN LEVEL
B. Denardo, W. Wright, B. Barber, and C. Folley, A Rotating U-Tube Experiment, AJP 58, 631-635, (1990).

F1-06: WATER SEEKS ITS OWN LEVEL
None.

F1-11: HYDRAULIC PRESS
Hein-Werner Hydraulic Jack, Manufacturer's Instructions.

F1-12: PASCAL'S LAW - COILED TUBE PARADOX
A. A. Bartlett and Robert Stoller, The paradoxical manometer, TPT 19, 41-42 (1981).
Father John Milton and Ellen Springer, Doing Physics: Walkway forces and Physics phun ideas, TPT 20, 328-329 (1982).

F1-13: CONSTANT WATER PRESSURE
Wallace A. Hilton, Little Thinkers: Mental Gymnastics, TPT 2, 139 (1964).
J. H. Wales, Device for Constant Flow of Liquids, Science, Volume 79, No. 2059, March 1934, pp. 545-546.
E. L. McCarthey, Mariotte's Bottle, Science, Vol. 80, N0. 2065, July 27, 1934, page 100.
E. L. McCarthey, Digest of Periodical Literature: Mariotte's Bottle, AJP 2, 184-185 (1934).
W. G. Cutler, Constant Rate of Flow Apparatus, AJP 27, 185 (1959).

F1-14: PISTON DIAMETER VS. TRAVEL - WORKING MODEL
None.

F1-21: LIPLESS STRAW
None.

F2: BUOYANCY

F2-01: ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPLE
Operating Instructions, Cenco-Miller Archimedes' Bucket and Cylinder, Cenco No. 071942-009, Cenco Scientific Co., Chicago, Ill.
John M. Chilton, An Interesting Application of Archimedes' Principle, AJP 16, 57 (1948).
Jack Willis and Donald F. Kirwan, Easily-Performed Experiment Illustrating the Effect of the Buoyant Force of Air on Laboratory Weighings, AJP 42, 910-911 (1974).
Gordon E. Jones and W. Paul Gordon, Removing the Buoyant Force, TPT 17, 59-60 (1979).
R. E. Vermillion, Derivations of Archimedes' principle, AJP 59, 761-762 (1991).

F2-02: CARTESIAN DIVER
Julius Sumner Miller, Extensions of the Cartesian Diver Experiment, AJP 22, 235-236, (1954).
John Satterly, Rate of Rise of Small Air Bubbles in Water, AJP 23, 387 (1955).
R. Stuart Mackay, Automatic Cartesian Diver, AJP 26, 403-404 (1958).
Robert N. Jones, The Cartesian Diver, TPT 11, 345, (1973).
Jack Willis and Donald F. Kirwan, Easily-Performed Experiment Illustrating the Effect of Buoyant Force of Air on Laboratory Weighings, AJP 42, 910-911 (1974).
Haym Kruglak, The Rising Cartesian Diver, TPT 13, 68-69, (1975).
Martin Gardner, Physics Trick of the Month: The Cartesian Matches, TPT 28, 478 (1990).
Sheng-ping He, Se-yuen Mak, and Eqing Zhu, Depth dependent Cartesian divers, AJP 61, 938-940 (1993).
Robert M. Graham, An Extremely Sensitive Cartesian Diver, TPT 32, 182-183 (1994).
Instructions for Use of Cat Nos. 1040 and 1042 Cartesian Diver, Welch Scientific Co., Skokie, Ill.
Instructions for Use of Cat No. 1040 Cartesian Diver, Welch Scientific Co., Skokie, Ill.
Arliss Benham, Consultant, Fun With "Diving Tony", Consumer Affairs Dept., Battle Creek, MI.

F2-03: CARTESIAN DIVER - EXPLICIT VERSION
Robert M. Graham, An Extremely Sensiive Cartesian Diver, TPT 32, 182-183 (1994).

F2-04: BUOYANCY - SPHERE AND WATER
None.

F2-05: BUOYANCY - BOAT AND ROCK
C. Frank Griffin and Peter N. Henriksen, Physics challenges, TPT 18, 135-136 (1980).

F2-06: BUOYANCY - SINKING BOAT
George M. Koehl, Archimedes' Principle and the Hydrostatic Paradox - Simple Demonstrations, AJP 17, 579-580 (1949).
G. M. Koehl, Simple demonstration experiments, Proceedings of the AAPT, AJP 17, 231-232 (1949).
Meiners, Physics Demonstration Experiments, Section 16-2.5 and 16-2.6, pp. 378-379.

F2-07: BUOYANCY - PEPSI AND DIET PEPSI
Joel Achenbach, Why Things Are, Coke? How Sweet It Is!, Washington Post, Wash., DC.
Walter Roy Mellen, Oscillations of Eggs and Things: Behavior of objects in fluids having densities that increase with depth, TPT 32, 474-475 (1994).

F2-08: BUOYANCY - BATTLESHIP IN BATHTUB
None.

F2-09: BUOYANCY - BALLOON IN HEAVY GAS
None.

F2-10: BUOYANT BUBBLES
John Satterly, Rate of Rise of Small Air Bubbles in Water, AJP 23, 387 (1955).
Gerald F. Hinderholtz, Buoyant Bubble, TPT 16, 490, (1978).
Frederick W. Kantor, Floating Balloons and Soap Bubbles on an Air-Freon 12 Gas Interface, TPT 1, 82-83, (1963).
Charles Waiveris, Soap Bubbles on a Cold Day, TPT 32, 404-405 (1994).

F2-11: HYDROMETER
None.

F2-12: HOT AIR BALLOON
None.

F2-21: REACTION TO BUOYANT FORCE
Meiners, Physics Demonstration Experiments, Section 8-1.8, pp. 139-140.
David A. Ward, Finding the Buoyant Force, TPT 32, 114-115 (1994).
Ronald Ebert, Letter: Does the Buoyant Force Depend on the Weight or Density, TPT 32 262-263 (1994).
Van E. Neie, Letter: Beware of Greeks Bearing Pan Balances, TPT 33, 6 (1995).
David A. Ward, Letter: Ward Responds, TPT 33, 6-7 (1995).

F2-22: BUOYANCY PARADOX - ACCELERATED FRAME
H. F. Meiners, Apparatus Notes: Accelerated Coordinate System, AJP 33, Vol. 9, xi-xii (1965).
Hans Welton, Mechanical Paradox, AJP 34, 172, (1966).
Richard Breslow, Apparent Weightlessness in Free Fall, TPT 12, 366 (1974).

F2-23: BUOYANCY PARADOX - INVERTED BLOCK
Paul Hewitt, Figuring Physics, TPT 25, 243-244 (1987).

F2-24: ACCELERATED BUOYANT BALL
Johannes A. Van den Akker, Generalized Archimedes' principle, AJP 58, 1106-1108 (1990).

F2-25: BALANCE PARADOX - BUOYANCY WITH CROSSOVER
Hewitt, Figuring Physics (Question with Cartoon), TPT 27, 496, (1989).

F2-31: BUOYANT BALLS IN BEANS
Robert B. Prigo, Liquid Beans, TPT 26, 101, (1988).
Rolf G. Winter, On the Difference between Fluids and Dried Beans, TPT 28, 104 (1990).

F2-32: FLOATING SQUARE BAR
Walter P. Reid, Floating of a Long Square Bar, AJP 31, 565-568 (1963).
G. Worsnup, Floating a cylinder in water, The Mathematical Gazette, June 1981, pp. 123-126.
R. Delbourgo, The floating plank, AJP 55, 799-802 (1987).
Paul Erdos, Gerard Schibler, and Roy C. Herndon, Floating equilibrium of symmetrical objects and the breaking of symmetry. Part 1: Prisms, AJP 60, 335-345 (1992).
Paul Erdos, Gerard Schibler, and Roy C. Herndon, Floating equilibrium of symmetrical objects and the breaking of symmetry. Part 2: The cube, the octahedron, and the tetrahedron, AJP 60, 345-356 (1992).
Brian R. Duffy, A bifurcation problem in hydrostatics, AJP 61, 264-269 (1993).
Marie Baehr, How Stable is Stable?, TPT 32, 470-473 (1994).
Ludwik Kowalski, Letter: How Does Stable Become Unstable?, TPT 33, 70 (1995).
Peter M. Hall, Letter: The Flip Side of Buoyancy, TPT 33, 7 (1995).
Marie Baehr, Letter: Baehr Responds, TPT 33, 7 (1995).

F2-41: DENSITY - SLOPE OF MASS VS. VOLUME GRAPH
None.

F3: SURFACE TENSION

F3-01: SURFACE TENSION - JOLLY BALANCE
Instructions for Use of Nos. 4061 and 4062 Jolly Balance, and No. 4063 Surface Tension Frame, Sargent-Welch Scientific Co., Skokie, Ill.
Gulay Yenicay, L. I. School for Gifted, DEMONSTRATIONS ON SURFACE TENSION.

F3-02: SURFACE TENSION - BALLOONS
Sutton, Demonstration Experiments in Physics, Demonstration M-239. Pressure within a Bubble - Two-bubble Paradox.
A. L. King and C. P. Sargent, Proceedings of the AAPT: Rubber balloons, AJP 16, 362-363 (1948).
Julius Sumner Miller, Pressure within a bubble, AJP 20, 115 (1952).
John Satterly, Replies to Inquiring Letters, AJP 20, 379-380 (1952).
D. R. Merritt and F. Weinhaus, The pressure curve for a rubber balloon, AJP 46, 976-977 (1978).
F. Weinhaus and W. Barker, On the equilibrium states of interconnected bubbles or balloons, AJP 46, 978-982 (1978).
Debbie Kiladze, The Idea Bank Collation, Idea No. 490: Confrontation in Science: Surface Tension.

F3-03: SURFACE TENSION - SOAP BUBBLES
None.

F3-04: SURFACE TENSION -THREAD ON WATER
Ernest K. Chapin, Surface Tension and Floating Bodies, AJP 24, 178 (1956).
Ernest K. Chapin, The Strange World of Surface Film, TPT 4, 271-275, 286 (1966).
Richard Marble, Floating Objects, TPT 10, 67-68, (1972).
James T. Schreiber, Barroom Physics, Part II, TPT 13, 418-428, (1975).

F3-05: SURFACE TENSION -THREAD IN FRAME
None.

F3-11: SURFACE TENSION - CAPILLARY TUBES
Paul O. Scheie, The upward force on liquid in a capillary tube, AJP 57, 279-280 (1989).
J. B. T. McCaughan, Comment on "The upward force on liquid in a capillary tube," by Paul O. Scheie [Am. J. Phys. 57, 279-280 (1989), AJP 60, 87-88 (1992).
Thomas B. Greenslade, Jr., Capillary Phenomena: Nineteenth Century Textbook Illustrations - LIII, TPT 30, 300-301 (1992).
A. A. Duarte, D. E. Strier, and D. H. Zanette, The rise of liquid in a capillary tube revisited: A hydrodynamical approach, AJP 64, 413-418 ((1996).

F3-21: SURFACE TENSION - WATER AND ALCOHOL IN SAND
None.

F3-22: SURFACE TENSION - AT THE 'BEACH'
None.

F4: FLUID IN MOTION

F4-01: VISCOSITY OF LIQUIDS
Metin Yersil, A Simple Demonstration of Terminal Velocity, TPT 29, 334-335 (1991).

F4-02: VISCOSITY OF AIR
None.

F4-03: NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID
PHENOMENA: Great Gobs of Gluep, Washington Post, HORIZON, July 10, 1996.

F4-04: SILLY PUTTY
David A. Kratz, Chemistry in the Toy Store, Silly Putty, Community College of PA., (1988).

F4-05: PARACHUTE TOY
David Auerbach, The parachute paradox, AJP 62, 1041 (1994).

F4-11: LAMINAR AND TURBULENT FLOW OF AIR
None.

F4-12: UNMIXING - GLYCERIN AND DYE
John P. Heller, An Unmixing Demonstration, AJP 28, 348-353, (1960).
Drawing of apparatus designed by Eugene Merzbacher, RPI and UNC.

F4-13: FLUID FLOW MODEL
None.

F4-14: WIND TUNNEL
Robert H. Stinson, Classroom demonstration of streamline and turbulent flow, AJP 59, 1051-1052 (1991).
Jose A. Manzanares and Salvador Mafe, Streak line and path of a particle in introductory fluid mechanics, AJP 62, 179-181 (1994).
Parviz Moin and John Kim, Tackling Turbulence with Supercomputers, Scientific American Volume 276 Number 1, January 1997.

F4-15: FLYING BIRD MODEL
Jacqueline Thorpe, 2 Scientists Build Plane That Flaps Its Wings and Flies Like a Bird, Washington Times, (1-1-92).

F4-21: LIQUID IN SPINNING SPHERE
Lecture Demonstration Information Sheet.
D. James Baker, Jr., Demonstrations of Fluid Flow in a Rotating System, AJP 32, 647-652 (1966).

F4-22: SPINNING WATER BUCKET
Lecture Demonstration Information Sheet.
Marian Fecko, Newton's pail in Einstein's lift, AJP 62, 258-259 (1994).

F4-23: WATER PENDULUM
None.

F4-24: HILSCH VORTEX TUBE
R. Hilsch, The Use of the Expansion of Gases in A Centrifugal Field as Cooling Process, The Review of Scientific Instruments, vol. 18(2), 108-1113, (1947).
C. L. Stong, The "Hilsch" Vortex Tube, The Amateur Scientist, Scientific American, 514-519.
J. J. Van Deemter, On the Theory of the Ranque-Hilsch Cooling Effect, Applied Science Research 3, 174-196.

F4-25: CYCLONE IN A BOTTLE
Joseph Guidry and H. T. Hudson, Tempest in a Fruit Jar, TPT 28, 494 (1990).

F4-31: SIPHON
Little Thinker, Mental Gymnastics (Siphon Pump), TPT 2, 139-140, (1964).
Thomas B. Greenslade, Jr., A Potpourri of Siphons, TPT 15, 425-426, (1977).
E. C. Watson, Reproductions of Prints, Drawings, and Paintings of Interest in the History of Physics, AJP 22, 390-393, (1954).
A. Potter and F. H. Barnes, The Siphon, Physics Education, 362-367, (Sept. 1971).
Henry S. Badeer and James W. Hicks, Role of Viscous Resistance in Siphon Flow, TPT 28, 558-559 (1990).
Raymond E. Benenson, The Hyphenated Siphon, TPT 29, 188 (1991).

F4-32: SIPHON - CHAIN MODEL
None.

F4-33: SIPHON BALANCE
Laurence E. Dodd, The Siphon Balance, AJP 23, 313-317, (1955).

F4-41: DRUM AND CANDLE
Douglas C. Jenkins, A Thanksgiving Turkey Shoot - Physics Style, TPT 26, 516-517 (1988).

F4-42: SMOKE RINGS USING GARBAGE CAN
None.

F4-51: VACUUM PUMP MODEL
None.

F4-52: FORCE PUMP MODEL
None.

F4-53: ARCHIMEDES' SCREW
None.

F4-61: HERO'S FOUNTAIN
Thomas B. Greenslade Jr., Hero's Fountain, TPT 20, 169, (1982).
Jeff Brooks III, The Air-ram Jet Pump - An Improved Hero's Fountain, TPT 21, 318, (1983).
C. L. Stong, Amateur Scientist Col., Scientific American, 215, 138, (Dec. 1966).
HERO, Asimov's Biographical Encyclopedia, 40, (1982).
Bill Norwood, Verbal Presentation of Hero's Fountain, Physics is Phun.
J. R. Kuyper Jr., Hiero's Fountain, Lecture Demonstrations, (Aug 15, 1991).
P. P. Ong, Hero's Fountain: Reversible Model, TPT 30, 437-437 (1992).
Virgil E. Stubblefield, Hero's Fountain: Quick and Squirty, TPT 30, 437 (1992).
Richard M. Heavers, The Salt Fountain, TPT 32, 524-525 (1994).

F4-62: HYDRAULIC RAM
Lecture Demonstrations Description Sheet.

F4-63: MARRIOTTE'S BOTTLE
Sutton, Demonstration Experiments in Physics, Demonstration M-314. Water Parabolas.
Julius Sumner Miller, Very Real Demonstration of Pascal's Principle, AJP 25, 326 (1957).
Lester G. Paldy, The Water Can Paradox, TPT 1, 126 (1963).
Richard E. Haney, Demonstrations of "Weight," AJP 31, 391-392 (1963).
Roy H. Biser, The Water Can Explored Again, TPT 4, 304-305, (1966).
Eric Weissman, The Water Flask with Unequal Holes, AJP 34, 1126-1128 (1966).
E. J. Ansaldo, On Bernoulli, Toricelli, and the syphon, TPT 20, 243-244 (1982).
Richard E. Berg, Derivation of equations for our apparatus.

F5: PRESSURE IN MOVING FLUIDS

F5-01: BERNOULLI'S PRINCIPLE - TOY CAR AND BALL
None.

F5-02: BERNOULLI'S PRINCIPLE - BALL MOVING ABOUT CART

F5-03: BERNOULLI'S PRINCIPLE - THIN METAL SHEETS
R. D. Edge, String and Sticky Tape Experiments, TPT 16,105, (1978).
None.

F5-04: BERNOULLI'S PRINCIPLE - LARGE BALL AND FUNNEL
R. L. Hartman, Bernoulli's Law Demonstrator, AJP 34, 445 (1966).

F5-05: BERNOULLI'S PRINCIPLE - SMALL BALL AND FUNNEL
None.

F5-06: BERNOULLI'S PRINCIPLE - BEACH BALL
Glenn F. Powers, Bernoulli's Principle on a Grand Scale, TPT 7, 116-117, (1969).

F5-07: BERNOULLI'S PRINCIPLE - SPOOL AND CARDBOARD
None.

F5-08: BERNOULLI'S PRINCIPLE - MARBLE IN WATER JET
None.

F5-09: BERNOULLI'S PRINCIPLE - HAIRDRYER AND PING PONG BALL
None.

F5-10: CHIMNEY DRAW WITH WATER
Julius Sumner Miller, On Demonstrating Bernoulli's Principle, AJP 22, 147-148 (1954).

F5-11: AIRPLANE WING
Instruction Sheet for Leybold Airplane Wing Model
Blaine E. Sites, Airplane Model To Show Forces, AJP 12, 171-172, (1944).
J. M. Wild, Airplane Flight, TPT 4, 295-299 (1966).
Norman F. Smith, Bernoulli and Newton in Fluid Mechanics, TPT 10, 451-455 (1972).
Klaus Weltner, Aerodynamic Lifting Force, TPT 28, 78-82 (1990).
George Gerhab and Charles Eastlake, Boundary Layer Control on Airfoils, TPT 29, 150-151 (1991).
Klaus Weltner, Bernoulli's Law and Aerodynamic Lifting Force, TPT 28, 84-86 (1990).

F5-21: VENTURI TUBE WITH MANOMETERS
F .E. Kester, Another Demonstration of the Bernoulli Principle, AJP 13, 349, (1945).
W. W. Sleator, Check and Proofs of the Bernoulli Equation, AJP 17, 110-113 (1949).
Lance Breger, A simplified derivation of Bernoulli's equation of hydrodynamics, TPT 20, 248-249 (1982).
Mario Iona, Letter: Beyond Bernoulli, TPT 21, 282 (1983).
Instruction Sheet for Central Scientific , Cat No. 76462, Bernoulli's Principle Apparatus, Chicago, Ill.
Blueprint of apparatus.

F5-22: VENTURI TUBE WITH PING PONG BALLS
Instruction Sheet for Central Scientific, Cat. No. 76462, Bernoulli's Principle Apparatus, Chicago, Ill.

F5-23: VENTURI TUBE WITH WATER - GAUGES
David H. Martin, Misunderstanding Bernoulli, TPT 21, 37 (1983).
Henry S. Badeer and Costas E. Synolakis, The Bernoulli - Poiseuille Equation, TPT 27, 598-601, (1989).
Henry S. Badeer, Flowtube Misnomers: Time to Rectify, TPT 32, 426-427 (1994).
Lecture Demonstrations Instructions Sheet for Venturi Tube with Water.
Lecture Demonstrations Bernoulli Principle Derivations and Unit Conversions.

F5-24: VENTURI TUBE WITH WATER - MANOMETERS
None.

F5-31: MAGNUS EFFECT - FLETTNER'S SHIP
George Barnes, A Fletttner Rotor Ship Demonstration, AJP 55, 1040-1041, (1987).
Albert Einstein, Essays in Science, The Flettner Ship, 92-97, Philosophical Library, NY.
Thomas B. Greenslade, Jr., A Forgotten Magnus-Effect Demonstration, TPT 9, 43-44, (1971).
A. B. Murphy, Comment on "A Flettner Rotor Ship Demonstration" by G. Barnes, AJP 57(2), 181-182, (1989).

F5-32: CURVE BALL
Lyman J. Briggs, Effect of Spin and Speed on the Lateral Deflection (Curve) of a Baseball; and the Magnus Effect for Smooth Spheres, AJP 27, 589-596, (1959).
R. E. Worley, Bernoulli Demonstration, TPT 3, 320, (1965).
Norman F. Smith, Bernoulli and Newton in Fluid Mechanics, TPT 10, 451-455 (1972).
Questions Students Ask: The Cylindrical Wing, why does it fly?, TPT 16, 662 (1978).
R. D. Edge, String and Sticky Tape Experiments, TPT 18, 308-309, (1980).
George Barnes, Demonstrating Curved Trajectories of a Spinning Ball, TPT 19, 403, (1981).
John A. Perkins, Spinning a 1600 rpm Surprise Toward Home, Wash. Post, A3, Oct 18, 1993, with E. Schrier and W. Allman ref.
Lecture Demonstrations: Curve Ball Explanation Sheet.